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Small workshops have already achieved magnificent turns and developed into modern industrial clusters. The annual output value exceeds 10 billion yuan, and the scale of exports exceeds 100 million U.S. dollars. During the period of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", it also created a miracle of increasing the output value by five times in five years. From the "world cashmere to see China, fine cashmere in Ningxia" industry status. Ningxia cashmere industry how to achieve the magical transformation from ugly ducklings to white swan, the reporter takes you to explore the reasons behind. Cluster-type development gives birth to the driving force In recent years, the sudden emergence of the cashmere industry in Ningxia has attracted worldwide attention. More than 40% of the world's raw cashmere, over 70% of Europe's worsted cashmere, and more than 60% of China's finest plush wool are from here. Annual production and processing of raw cashmere reaches 8,000 tons. However, it is amazing that local production of native cashmere in Ningxia is less than 200 tons, and more than 95% of the original cashmere is acquired from home and abroad. It is reported that Ningxia has a cashmere acquisition team of more than 30,000 people and has a lot of footprints. Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other 11 provinces as well as Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan and other neighboring countries. In Ningxia, the tradition of purchasing raw cashmere has been in existence for a long time. Many cashmere business owners have been born out of the “cashmere dealers†who go through the village. In the early days of reform and opening up, Ningxia Lingwu and Tongxin have a large number of residents who rely on purchasing cashmere for a living. After purchasing the original cashmere from the sheep farmer, they sold the goods to some domestic and foreign manufacturers to earn the difference. With the in-depth understanding of the cashmere industry, some forward-looking purchasers have started to use their brains to start a workshop. Gradually enter the downstream of the industry. First, weaving, then weaving, worsted, and then cashmere products... In this way, step by step, from small to large, from coarse to fine, from raw materials to terminals, Ningxia cashmere industry realized Change. There are about 300 large and small cashmere enterprises in Ningxia, mainly in Tongxin County and Lingwu City in the south, forming two major industrial clusters. They are concentrically positioned in the national cashmere distribution center, and the distribution of raw cashmere accounts for about the national production of cashmere. One-half of the world's cashmere production, one-third of the world's cashmere production. The county has 15,000 people engaged in cashmere acquisitions, active throughout the country and even the world cashmere production areas and cashmere circulation market, due to its rich acquisition experience and strong The identification ability is praised by the cashmere industry as "the world's largest and best cashmere buying and selling team." Lingwu is positioned at the deep processing and export earning base of cashmere products, and mainly produces and processes cashmere, cashmere, cashmere and cashmere. Shirts, etc., the annual export amounted to more than 100 million US dollars. The definite positioning of the concentric and Lingwu in the cashmere industry has avoided the homogenous competition of the two large clusters and formed an orderly relationship between the upstream and downstream. Within the cashmere industry cluster, there is a "competition + cooperation" among the enterprises. The situation is both a competitor and a partner. Peers communicate with each other and learn skills. They often express their inspiration for innovation. A number of technological “bottleneck†that restricts industrial development have been overcome. Cashmere worsted, low-temperature dyeing and other technical processes have reached international advanced level. 3. The three major groups of BOC, Jiayuan, and Rongchang jointly completed the country's only enterprise standard for cashmere sticking technology. Cluster development not only accelerated the innovation of cashmere technology, but also enhanced the anti-risk capabilities of the entire industry. In 2008, the financial crisis caused a major impact on the cashmere textile industry, and the international cashmere prices fell sharply. However, Ningxia cashmere processing companies rely on The development confidence of the industry did not reduce the purchase of raw materials. Instead, it actively raised funds to expand acquisitions, which not only eased the pressure on upstream suppliers, but also consolidated the status of the industry. Under the harsh international market, enterprises adjusted their export structure. , Sharply reduce the export of raw materials, and at the same time determined to create their own brands. Some companies even go directly to foreign registration, the British century-old Duncan yarn factory was acquired by Lingwu Cashmere Enterprise - China Silver Cashmere Industry in this period, and stepped out. Accelerated. As a result, the cashmere industry in Ningxia not only did not fall, but turned crisis into opportunity, and its international influence further enhanced. No time and place, Ningxia cashmere industry by virtue of "people and" to make up for the short board, formed a strong endogenous power. Government Support Optimizes Soft and Hard Environment At the end of 2010, the State Council formally approved the upgrade of the Lingwu Cashmere Industrial Park into a national high-tech industrial park, which has a symbolic significance for the cashmere industry of Ningxia. This is also the first state-level high-tech industrial development zone in Ningxia, which fully reflects the government’s The love and support of the cashmere industry. In fact, local governments have had profound lessons in the development of the cashmere industry. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was a crucial stage for the cashmere industry to start. The local governments have formed a cashmere industry with obvious advantages. No planning, no guidance, no support, let them go their own way. Some cashmere companies destroyed the market order because of false information, and the entire industry suffered an unprecedented blow. A large number of cashmere operators in the region were forced to leave Ningxia and turned to Hebei Qinghe and other places. The economy of Tongxin, Lingwu and other places has thus been greatly affected. Watching the decline of the cashmere industry, the nerves of local governments have been deeply touched. At the beginning of this century, the party committee and government of Ningxia Autonomous Region decided to optimize the economic environment and reinvigorate the cashmere industry. In 2002, the government of the autonomous region set up a coordination group for cashmere industry. Coordinated resolution of major issues in the development of the cashmere industry; Lingwu and Tongxin established a cashmere industrial park covering an area of ​​3,000 mu and 500 mu; in 2003, the Department of Commerce of the autonomous region took the lead in establishing the Ningxia Cashmere Chamber of Commerce. The leaders of local governments also personally To invest in investment in Qinghe and other places, mobilize Ningxia people to return home to invest and set up factories. The attention of leaders and improvement of investment environment have greatly promoted the process of Ningxia cashmere industrialization, and a group of Ningxia people began returning from their hometowns. In March 2007, the government of Ningxia Autonomous Region issued the “Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Cashmere Industry†to create a favorable policy environment. Any investment in the Lingwu and Tongxin Cashmere Industrial Park to build a factory with a total project investment of more than 100 million yuan, The government of the autonomous region provides a one-off subsidy of 3 million yuan. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of corporate financing difficulties, a credit guarantee center has been set up in the Lingwu and Tongxin Cashmere Industrial Parks to implement enterprise management and marketization operations. Yuan capital funds. In September 2006, the first China (Ningxia) International Cashmere Trade Fair was held in Yinchuan. Although the exhibition was only two days, it signed a contractual internal and external sales amount of 2.2 billion yuan. From this year, it was held every two years, 2012. The fourth session of the Expo will be held in September. This is another important measure taken by the regional government to promote the cashmere industry. It has built a large platform for promotion, technology exchange, and investment promotion. Around the development of the cashmere industry, various government functional departments have also innovated initiatives to promote the wind. In 2009, the Finance Department of the autonomous region, the Economic and Information Technology Commission, the People's Government of Lingwu City, and the three guarantee companies jointly signed the “Ningxia Cashmere Guaranty Agency Risk Insurance. The “Golden Management Agreement†establishes a risk pledge fund for cashmere guarantee institutions to support the accelerated development of cashmere enterprises in Ningxia. The science and technology departments also effectively solve the problem of insufficient cashmere processing scientific research equipment by nurturing scientific and technological innovation platforms and carrying out technical consulting services. Currently, Lingwu The Cashmere Park undertakes more than 40 scientific and technical projects above the district level and strives for more than 31 million yuan in national science and technology expenditures. According to the plan, by the end of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, Ningxia will become the largest and world-class cashmere deep processing base in the country. The cashmere industry will achieve an annual output value of 20 billion yuan, leading the future of cashmere industry in China and the world. Inspecting and cooperating to stimulate new industry vitality As early as the beginning of 2009, the inspection and quarantine bureau of Ningxia had signed a support agreement with 4 leading cashmere enterprises in the area to improve product quality as the focus of efforts to jointly create the international competitiveness of the cashmere industry. The Bureau adopted a series of support measures. : To guide enterprises in establishing a quality and safety management system from key raw materials and accessories, key production processes, and final products; to improve risk warning mechanisms for technical barriers to cashmere and their products and to jointly respond to foreign technical trade measures; to help companies strengthen the construction of testing laboratories and improve self- Self-control ability. After years of effective assistance and supervision, the quality of cashmere products in Ningxia has improved significantly. To further support the development of the industry, Ningxia Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has implemented classified management of cashmere enterprises, and the enterprises have really enjoyed the convenience measures. Benefits: The Bank of China Cashmere Industry has been rated as a category 1 export enterprise by virtue of its good product quality and integrity management. The cashmere sweaters exported have basically achieved the "Inspection and Quarantine Release on the day of the same day 报检." The release period has been shortened from the original 3 days or so. In 1 day, the company's operating costs were reduced and it became a booster for expanding exports. The joint construction of science and technology is another highlight of the inspection and enterprise cooperation. In 2010, the Ningxia Inspection and Quarantine Bureau relocated the key laboratory for the detection of state-level cashmere and its products from the urban area to the Lingwu Cashmere Industrial Park, a technology-based inspection for all cashmere companies. The service platform was built on this basis. The inspection companies both rely on the national key laboratory for testing cashmere and its products, and focus on carrying out related inspection technologies, testing standards systems, and cracking foreign technical barriers. Through scientific and technological research, cashmere anthrax has been produced. Bacterial PCR assays and other scientific research results have greatly improved the detection speed and accuracy. According to statistics from the inspection and quarantine department, in 2011, the total export volume of cashmere products in Ningxia reached 130 million U.S. dollars, up 25% year-on-year. Exports of industrial finished goods such as cashmere sweaters increased rapidly, and their share increased from 27% in the previous year to 39%, exports of raw materials such as cashmere were basically flat, the share fell to 61%. The change in the structure of export products reflects the gradual optimization of industrial adjustment and the improvement of international competitiveness. This is consistent with the continuous assistance of the inspection and quarantine departments in recent years. Inseparable, inspection and enterprise cooperation has brought new vitality to the cashmere industry. 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